Date-Time Format in Ruby
In Ruby, you have to format or convert time from one format to other many a times. You can use library method strftime available to perform formatting operations.
Once I have faced this error in my terminal window,
Syntax of strftime: strftime( format )
Returns: Result in requested format
First of all, let us create a new variable in which we get current time to be formatted in various formats,
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t = Time.now > 2013-09-12 22:49:27 +0530 |
Now, we have variable t holding current time value, now below are the examples of,
Most Commonly used DateTime Formats
| Code | Output | Description |
|---|---|---|
| t.strftime(“%H”) | => “22” | # Gives Hour of the time in 24 hour clock format |
| t.strftime(“%I”) | => “10” | # Gives Hour of the time in 12 hour clock format |
| t.strftime(“%M”) | => “49” | # Gives Minutes of the time |
| t.strftime(“%S”) | => “27” | # Gives Seconds of the time |
| t.strftime(“%Y”) | => “2013” | # Gives Year of the time |
| t.strftime(“%m”) | => “09” | # Gives month of the time |
| t.strftime(“%d”) | => “12” | # Gives day of month of the time |
| t.strftime(“%w”) | => “4” | # Gives day of week of the time |
| t.strftime(“%a”) | => “Thu” | # Gives name of week day in short form of the |
| t.strftime(“%A”) | => “Thursday” | # Gives week day in full form of the time |
| t.strftime(“%b”) | => “Sep” | # Gives month in short form of the time |
| t.strftime(“%B”) | => “September” | # Gives month in full form of the time |
| t.strftime(“%y”) | => “13” | # Gives year without century of the time |
| t.strftime(“%Y”) | => “2013” | # Gives year without century of the time |
| t.strftime(“%Z”) | => “IST” | # Gives Time Zone of the time |
| t.strftime(“%p”) | => “PM” | # Gives AM / PM of the time |
These are the almost all formats that are required.
Combinations:
You can try these formats in combination too,
For example,
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t.strftime("%H:%M:%S")> "22:49:27" |
Code to Print All Formats
For ‘a’ to ‘z’
| Code | Output |
|---|---|
| t.strftime(‘%a’) | => Thu |
| t.strftime(‘%b’) | => Jan |
| t.strftime(‘%c’) | => Thu Jan 23 16:38:02 2014 |
| t.strftime(‘%d’) | => 23 |
| t.strftime(‘%e’) | => 23 |
| t.strftime(‘%f’) | => %f # Not Useful |
| t.strftime(‘%g’) | => 14 |
| t.strftime(‘%h’) | => Jan |
| t.strftime(‘%i’) | => %i # Not Useful |
| t.strftime(‘%j’) | => 023 |
| t.strftime(‘%k’) | => 16 |
| t.strftime(‘%l’) | => 4 |
| t.strftime(‘%m’) | => 01 |
| t.strftime(‘%n’) | => # Not Useful |
| t.strftime(‘%o’) | => %o |
| t.strftime(‘%p’) | => PM |
| t.strftime(‘%q’) | => %q |
| t.strftime(‘%r’) | => 04:38:02 PM |
| t.strftime(‘%s’) | => 1390475282 |
| t.strftime(‘%t’) | => # Not Useful |
| t.strftime(‘%u’) | => 4 |
| t.strftime(‘%v’) | => 23-JAN-2014 |
| t.strftime(‘%w’) | => 4 |
| t.strftime(‘%x’) | => 01/23/14 |
| t.strftime(‘%y’) | => 14 |
| t.strftime(‘%z’) | => +0530 |
For ‘A’ to ‘Z’
| Code | Output |
|---|---|
| t.strftime(‘%A’) | => Thursday |
| t.strftime(‘%B’) | => January |
| t.strftime(‘%C’) | => 20 |
| t.strftime(‘%D’) | => 01/23/14 |
| t.strftime(‘%E’) | => %E # Not Useful |
| t.strftime(‘%F’) | => 2014-01-23 |
| t.strftime(‘%G’) | => 2014 |
| t.strftime(‘%H’) | => 16 |
| t.strftime(‘%I’) | => 04 |
| t.strftime(‘%J’) | => %J # Not Useful |
| t.strftime(‘%K’) | => %K # Not Useful |
| t.strftime(‘%L’) | => 485 |
| t.strftime(‘%M’) | => 38 |
| t.strftime(‘%N’) | => 485141000 |
| t.strftime(‘%O’) | => %O # Not Useful |
| t.strftime(‘%P’) | => pm |
| t.strftime(‘%Q’) | => %Q # Not Useful |
| t.strftime(‘%R’) | => 16:38 |
| t.strftime(‘%S’) | => 02 |
| t.strftime(‘%T’) | => 16:38:02 |
| t.strftime(‘%U’) | => 03 |
| t.strftime(‘%V’) | => 04 |
| t.strftime(‘%W’) | => 03 |
| t.strftime(‘%X’) | => 16:38:02 |
| t.strftime(‘%Y’) | => 2014 |
| t.strftime(‘%Z’) | => IST |
